(1) In Gelug Prasangika, the mental activity of giving rise to an appearance of a manner of existence that does not correspond to the actual manner in which anything exists. (2) In non-Gelug Madhayamaka, the mental activity of giving rise, within a cognition, to an appearance of a consciousness and its object as each having truly established existence, independently of each other. (3) In Chittamatra, the mental activity of giving rise to an appearance, within a cognition, of a consciousness and its object as deriving from different natal sources. Synonymous with "discordant appearance-making."
Tibetan: གཉིས་སྣང་། gnyis-snang
J. Hopkins: Dualistic appearance
Synonyms: Dual appearance-making
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