Mongolia

Buddhism was practiced by several groups of Turkic people in Central Asia, from the mid-3rd to the 14th century CE. The Tuvinians in Siberia have followed Buddhism from the 18th century until today.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia tried to gain influence in Tibet by claiming Russia was Shambhala. Japan also tried to win over Tibetan and Mongolian support by claiming that Japan was Shambhala.

A report on the history and the situation of the Buddhist monasteries in 1994 in Inner Mongolia and among the Mongols of Qinghai, Gansu and Xinjiang.

The Mongolian form of Buddhism derived from the Tibetan tradition, but has several significant differences and features added.

A comprehensive overview of the history of Buddhism in Afghanistan from shortly after the time of the Buddha up until the end of the Mongol period in the 14th century.

The Bon system of astrology was amalgamated with the Chinese astro materials that first came to Tibet in the mid-7th century. In the 11th century, with the introduction of the “Kalachakra Tantra” from India, its astro traditions were added as well to make the unique blend of...

Buddhism flourished along the Silk Route in East Turkistan (present-day Xinjiang in the People’s Republic of China) from the 1st century BCE until the 14th century CE and is present even today among the Kalmyk Mongols in the north of the province.

Long before translators began to render Tibetan Buddhist texts into Western languages, the Mongols had successfully undertaken this task.

Tibetan language and culture spread and interacted with many other civilizations. The Tibetan traditions have evolved over the centuries, and this process of evolution and growth must continue.

Dr. Berzin’s advice to Kalmyks on dealing with the massive changes in their lives resulting from the move from their traditional kibitkas (large ox carts with tents on them) to cities in standard flats.