Identifying the Two Camps of Assertions about Ignorance The Indian Buddhist tenet systems divide into two camps of assertions regarding ignorance (ma-rig-pa, Skt. avidyā): One camp follows the assertions of the two Asanga brothers, Vasubandhu and Asanga, and includes...

The samsara-builder networks of positive force and deep awareness are involved with perpetuating our samsaric existence, while the pure builder ones bring about our attainment of liberation and enlightenment.

A detailed analysis of how to understand the networks of “pure-builder positive force” and “pure-builder deep awareness.”

The Need for Understanding Correctly the Two Truths To gain a true stopping (’gog-bden; true cessation) of suffering and thus attain liberation, we need to gain a true stopping of unawareness (ma-rig-pa; ignorance) and of the rest of the emotional obscurations (nyon-sgrib)...

There are two major sets of mental obscurations: emotional obscurations and cognitive obscurations.

Introduction The Four Noble Truths Buddha lived about 2500 years ago in India. Because his disciples had varying dispositions and capacities, he taught each of them in an individual way that would best suit how they would understand. But the first thing that he taught for...

To attain either liberation or enlightenment, we need to cognize correctly and decisively the two truths and the inseparable voidness of both.

Vaibhashika and Sautrantika definitions and presentations of the two truths and their modes of existence, as well as of self-sufficiently knowable and imputedly knowable phenomena.

The Prasangika-Madhyamaka presentation of how to achieve a union of method and voidness both in sutra and tantra.

Tsongkhapa was a revolutionary reformer who reinterpreted and clarified many of the key Buddhist teachings, especially concerning the assertions of the Prasangika tenet system concerning voidness, the two truths, the two obscurations and cognition theory.