History of Buddhism

Selected bibliography of Western secondary literature on the spread of Buddhism in Asia, with special emphasis on its spread to Central Asia.

Deriving primarily from India over several centuries through the efforts of a large number of teachers and translators, Tibetan Buddhism gradually evolved into four main traditions.

The early period of the Abbasid Caliphate (750–840 CE) saw the translation of Buddhist texts into not only the languages of East Turkistan, but also into Turkic languages and even some into Arabic, as Islam slowly spread into West Turkistan.

Overview of the three waves of Buddhism reaching Mongolia from Central Asia and then Tibet, the subsequent exploitation of Buddhism by the Manchus, its suppression under the communist regime and the initial efforts at its revival.

A survey of the political interaction of Buddhist and Bon factions in Tibet from the earliest time to the 11th-century revival of Buddhism.

Message from Ling Rinpoche

Message from His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama

At the beginning of the 19th century, the Eighth Dalai Lama sent Gyelse Dorjechang from his own Namgyal Monastery to establish the main Kalachakra Monastery of Mongolia, Dechen Kalawa. Kalachakra practice was spread throughout Mongolia by the Fourth and Fifth Bogdo Gegens.

The Pali literature of the Theravadins reveals the struggle the Buddha had to establish and support his ever-growing community of disciples and followers under extremely difficult circumstances, such as political intrigues and several wars.

The general principle regarding sexual ethics is to try to minimize any problematic and compulsive aspects of our sexual behavior, motivated by disturbing emotions.