Nāgārjuna’s Root Verses on Madhyāmaka, Called Verification (Prajñā-nāma Mūlamadhyāmaka Kārikā) is the foundational text of the Madhyāmaka tradition. Through a series of rigorous analyses, it demonstrates that all phenomena arise dependently and are therefore devoid of truly established existence. Its concise and often cryptic verses inspired centuries of philosophical debate in India and Tibet concerning the precise object to be refuted through the understanding of voidness. These debates eventually gave rise to a range of interpretations, later classified under the broad headings of the Prāsaṅgika and Svātantrika views.