Cognition

Grasping for truly established existence entails both projecting an appearance of such an impossible mode of existence and believing it corresponds to reality. Dormant grasping for it occurs when one or both aspects of grasping are not manifest.

All apprehensions explicitly apprehend one or more involved objects. Not all, however, implicitly apprehend anything.

Presumptive cognition is an invalid cognition that conceptually takes its object correctly and freshly but presumes it to be true either for no reason, a wrong one, or even a right one but without understanding why it is correct.

An overview of the different numbers of valid ways of knowing in Indian tenet systems.

Disturbing emotions occur not only in conceptual cognitions, which are always mental cognition, but also in non-conceptual sensory and mental cognition.

According to the Sautrantika tenet system, there are seven ways of knowing an object. To understand the seven in more detail, we first need to know what a way of knowing (“lorig” in Tibetan) is.

Distorted cognition is a way of knowing that takes its own object in an inverted manner.

Indecisive wavering is a mental factor in conceptual cognition that vacillates between two conclusions concerning its object.

A true stopping of impure appearance-making occurs only with enlightenment.

Bare cognition is a fresh, nonfraudulent awareness that is non-deceptive and parted from concepts.