Ways of Knowing

Understanding Different Interpretations and Analysis in Buddhist Schools We have presented the Sautrantika way of enumerating the different ways of knowing. As we go deeper in our studies we find that there are certain variants to be found. For instance, in Asanga’s...

Today, we are going to have a meditation session on the material we’ve covered concerning voidness (emptiness). Before we actually do the meditations, what was suggested that might be helpful would be to break into small groups, perhaps of four or five people, to discuss with...

This eighteenth century text concerns the mind and the ways in which it knows things, and is written from the point of view of the Gelug interpretation of the True Aspectarian branch of the Sautrantika tenet system of Indian Buddhism.

Apprehension is an accurate, decisive cognition of its own object. Of the seven ways of knowing, bare cognition, inferential cognition and subsequent cognition are apprehensions.

An overview of objects that are not decisively cognized within the context of conceptual and nonconceptual cognition.

With non-determining cognition, the involved object of the cognition appears clearly and accurately, but without a decisive determination of it.

Subsequent cognition is an invalid awareness that apprehends what has already been apprehended.

Bare cognition is a fresh, nonfraudulent awareness that is non-deceptive and parted from concepts.

A semblance of a bare cognition is an awareness that is deceptive with respect to its appearing object.

Conceptual cognition is a deceptive cognition, because it confuses a category and generic representation of a member of a category with a specific item. Western languages call such conceptual labeling “projection.”